Once dry, a kitchen knife can be put away in a block or drawer. If the knife is being stored in a drawer with other knives or kitchen tools, try to always place the blade in a protective cover or sleeve to keep the blade from striking other knives and getting nicked.
Synthetic covers can be purchased for your kitchen knives or you can make your own from heavy corrugated cardboard folded over the cutting edge and taped along the spine of the blade. Consider a separate drawer dedicated only to your knives.
If your kitchen knives are stored in a block, consider storing them in such way that they do not rest on the wood of the block; if they normally rest blade down, try flipping them over so the blades are up and not resting on the wood. Only try this if it is safe and there is no risk of injury from the upturned blades. Some blocks store the blades horizontally.
Another storage option is a non-marring magnetic strip that will hold the blades firmly with very strong magnets, but does not allow the blades to actually touch the magnets themselves.
For outdoor knives, fixed blade knives can be stored in their sheath for short periods of time (especially if you are carrying them,of course). But for longer storage, or even over several nights, it is best to not store them in the sheath, especially if they are constructed of natural handle material and/or carbon steel. Most leather has be processed with chemicals that can damage the knife if in contact for long periods of time. Kydex is less of an issue with this problem.
When not in the sheath, fixed blade knives can be stored in zippered pouches made especially for this.
Add a small piece of paper to the pouch, with a matching piece of paper tucked into the sheath, both with matching numbers or letters so you can match them up later.
Folding knives can be stored in pouches like fixed blades, or even in socks, in a drawer or tub.
Otherwise, if you have the space a shelf, and a small number of knives, they can be stored on a shelf, next to the sheath, side by side, blade toward the wall. You can cover them with a light piece of canvas cloth, etc.
However you store you knives, check them often for signs of corrosion, and re-treat them if needed.